Jerash, ancient Gerasa Identification and Description:Umm Cheis answers the description given of Gadara by ancient writers. Tabor and approaching the edge of the great hollow, on a bright spring day, when the land has already assumed its fairest garments, the view of the sea, as it breaks upon the vision in almost its whole extent, is one never to be forgotten. Only about 60 percent have survived, but this is enough to attest that the mosaics in the church at Kursi exemplified mosaic art in its finest tradition. The prosperity of the sixth century abruptly ended with the Persian invasion in 614 A.D. It is therefore significant that only the Fourth Gospel speaks of "Bethsaida of Galilee. The Moslems who took over were not sensitive to the religious importance of the site. Calms a storm from . The soil is deep, rich loam, of amazing fertility. In any event, the "country of the Gergesenes/Gadarenes/Gerasenes" in the New Testament Gospels refers to some location on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. , Freeman-Grenville, Chapman, and Taylor, The Onomasticon by Eusebius of Caesarea (Carta Jerusalem, 2003), 45. MARK. iv.12; St. Mark i.14; St. Luke iv.14, 15; St. John iv.43-54.) But one things for sure: wherever the event happened it was a waste of good bacon. If the waters are still, the shining splendors of the mountain may be seen mirrored in the blue depths. 33A, Word Biblical Commentary (Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1998), 226. Or something. 2, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1989), 158. He therefore took it upon himself to change the geographical details to make them more realistic. Storms:The position of the lake makes it liable to sudden storms, the cool air from the uplands rushing down the gorges with great violence and tossing the waters in tumultuous billows. Ewing, "house of fish," Bethsaida, the name of two cities on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. From the beginning of our work, it was clear that we were excavating the remains of a large, walled settlement of a religious character, undoubtedly a monastery that included a well-built basilica of exceptional quality. According to local tradition, the ruins of this structure bore the name of Gersa or Gursa. The walls of the structure are more than 3 feet thick. The substitution of sin for cad is easy: but the insertion of the guttural `ain is impossible. The Gadarenes captured some of the boldest of the Jews, of whom several were put to death, and others imprisoned (ibid., 5). At the beginning of the Jewish revolt the country around Gadara was laid waste (BJ, II, xviii, 1). Gerasa, Gadara, Gergesa from where did the pigs stampede? Lucius Annius, at the instance of Vespasian, sacked and burned the city, with much slaughter (BJ, IV, ix, 1). fine for parking in handicap spot in ohio. ge-nes'-a-ret he ge Gennesaret):1. Mark and Luke locate the event in the country of the Gerasenes; Matthew in the country of the Gadarenes thats the geographical problem were going to look at in this post. It is probably represented by the modern Jedur, not far from es-Salt (Buhl, Buhl, Geographic des alten Palastina, 255; Guthe). The bulldozer was stopped and the Department of Antiquities and Museums was called in to excavate scientifically. It was on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, and must have been a locality where the steep edges of the Bashan plateau drop close upon the brink of the lake. Fragments of an elaborate border, however, remain intact. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum (Matthew 8:14 Mark 1:29, etc.). Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, appears to have been aware of this geographic difficulty. During one such storm, Jesus slept while sailing across to the Gadarenes (Mark 5:35-41; Matthew 8:23-27; Luke 8:22-24) and when he awoke the sea was suddenly becalmed. Today they are the modern towns of Jerash and Umm Qais. About halfway up the hill is the towerlike structure mentioned earlier. It was given by Augustus to Herod the Great in 30 B.C. These motifs were taken from artists notebooks that were used throughout the Mediterranean world, not only during the Byzantine period, but also before and after. At the end of the nave is a semicircular apse. It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). Luke 5:1 Now it happened, while the multitude pressed on him and heard the word of God, that he was standing by the lake of Gennesaret. The healing of Legion is narrated in all three synoptic gospels; they all begin by describing where the event took place: Matthew 8:28 When he came to the other side, to the country of the Gadarenes, two demoniacs coming out of the tombs met him.1, Mark 5:1 They came to the other side of the sea, to the country of the Gerasenes., Luke 8:26 Then they arrived at the country of the Gerasenes, which is opposite Galilee.. West of this village opens the tremendous gorge, Wady el Chamam, with the famous robbers' fastnesses in its precipitous sides, and the ruins of Arbela on its southern lip. John 12:21 These, therefore, came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and asked him, saying, "Sir, we want to see Jesus. Colorful mosaics, covering about 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church. Some are of the opinion that Gergesa was the country of the ancient Girgashites; but it is more probable that 'Gergesenes' was introduced by Origen upon mere conjecture; as before him most copies seem to have read 'Gadarenes', agreeable to the parallel passages and the ancient Syriac version. Once it burst from the South. All scripture quoted from The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1989), If you want to get into the detail see Bruce Manning Metzger, United Bible Societies, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Second Edition a Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament (4th Rev. The factors that led to this site selection were undoubtedly: (1) its location on the eastern shore of the lake; (2) its proximity to an urban center (variously named Gergessa, Gadara and Gerasa); and (3) its topographical setting, in particular the steep hill where the swine herd had presumably been grazing. The Merneptah Steles discovery, transcription, and what it shows us about annihilation in the biblical text. Yarmuk (Pliny N H, xvi)-East of Tiberias and Scythopolis, on the top of a hill, 3 Roman miles from hot springs and baths called Amatha, on the bank of the Hieromax (Onomasticon, under the word). Cataloging is a continuous work in progress, however, and we welcome your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of the collection. He could have followed Mark, but he chose to do something else.9 It seems reasonable to this layman to suggest that maybe Matthew relocated the herd because he knew enough of the geography to say that if this event took place in the country of the Gadarenes the herd couldnt be both on a hillside and close to the shore Gadara was around 5 or 6 miles away from the shore, and the hills that lead from Gadara to the lake are very close to Gadara and a number of miles from the lake. open map. The surface is 680 ft. below the level of the Mediterranean. It is the only place fitting Matthew's description, since it contains the only "steep bank" in the area descending all the way to the shore of the lake. Well probably never find out what the real deal is, but, as usual with these things, thats only a problem if we subscribe to the patently false doctrine of inerrancy.17. The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities. Its fair to say this is one of the weirder gospel narratives. "One may call this place the ambition of nature;. , Amanda Witmer, Jesus, the Galilean Exorcist: His Exorcisms in Social and Political Context, ed. TIME. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum . Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee (Luke 8:26)-antipera tes Galilaias ("over against Galilee"). The first two are in the Authorized Version. William of Tyre calls the city Jarras, and places it 16 miles East of Jordan (Hist, xii, 16). The hot springs, as noted above, are in the bottom of the valley to the North. Many are the ruins of great and splendid cities on slope and height of which almost nothing is known today. The distance line on map shows distance from Nazareth to Capernaum between two cities. 4:1-34. (iv) The present writer is familiar with these waters in both storm and calm. To get any further with working out where the event took place (if it took place at all) we can turn to church history. In a few moments the air was thick with mist, through which one could hear the roar of the tortured waters. to Capernaum, to Bethsaida . I just think that in this case theres a better explanation. However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. The figure of a ship frequently appears on its coins: conclusive. Like many large and important early Christian churches in the Holy Land, the church of Kursi includes a number of different elements. proof that its territory reached the sea. Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern ( Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. The mountains on the East and on the West rise to about 2,000 ft. From the late fifth to the early seventh centuries, all four sides of the compound had entrances. It should be noted, however, that the name is in origin radically different from Bethsaida. Brill, 19942000), 204. After stilling the storm while crossing the Sea of Galilee, Jesus lands with his disciples on the eastern shore of the lake. Nearly opposite Tiberias is the stronghold of Chal`-at el Chocn, possibly the ancient Hippos, with the village of Fik, the ancient Aphek, on the height to the East. The Name:The first syllable of the name Gennesaret is evidently the Hebrew gan, "garden"; while the second may be a proper name. [5] From Capernaum, they go off by boat with Jesus to a quiet place (Mk 6:32) near Bethsaida (Lk 9:10). The pilgrimage sites associated with the swine miracle, as opposed to the urban settlement of Tell el-Kursi, were discovered quite by accident in the late 20th century. The "green grass" of Mark 6:39, and the "much grass" of John 6:10, point to some place in the plain of el-BaTeichah, on the rich soil of which the grass is green and plentiful compared with the scanty herbage on the higher slopes. Ewing. The ruins include those of two theaters, a basilica, a temple, and many important buildings, telling of a once great and splendid city. By protecting the boulder with a massive tower and building a chapel behind and above it, the early Christian fathers both commemorated and sanctified a site that Christian pilgrims could relate to the life of Jesus. After Herod's death it was joined to the province of Syria, 4 B.C. It is overlaid with lava; and here and there around the lake there are outcrops of basalt through the limestone. All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support. The settlement was quite well planned and carefully organized. Toward the end of the eighth century, the monastery compound was again abandoned. The demons inside him gave him such strength that he was able to break all the chains and fetters that were intended to subdue him. ger'-a-sa, ger'-a-senz (Gerasa; Gerasenon):1. As this is too far from the sea for a fishing village, Schumacher (The Jaulan, 246) suggests that el-`Araj, "a large, completely destroyed site close to the lake," connected in ancient times with et-Tell "by the beautiful roads still visible," may have been the fishing village, and et-Tell the princely residence. 51.91.102.219 The lower part simply encloses a huge boulder, over 22 feet high. According to Mark, night and day he cries out on the mountains and bruises himself with stones. Modern methods of agriculture are being employed in the Jewish colonies, which are rapidly increasing in number. The "desert" of the narrative is just the barriyeh of the Arabs where the animals are driven out for pasture. Then Josephus explicitly says that Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis (BJ, II, ix, 1). It is mentioned in some ancient manuscripts of the Gospel of Matthew as the place where the Miracle of the Swine took place, a miracle performed by Jesus who drove demons out of two possessed men and into a herd of pigs. (d) In support of the single-city theory it is further argued that(i) Jesus withdrew to Bethsaida as being in the jurisdiction of Philip, when he heard of the murder of John by Antipas, and would not have sought again the territories of the latter so soon after leaving them. The warm water from copious springs runs into a little bay of the sea in which fishes congregate in great numbers. He is however inclined to favor el-Mes`adiyeh, a ruin and winter village of Arab et-Tellawiyeh, which stands on an artificial mound, about a mile and a half from the mouth of the Jordan. The distance is about 19 miles from the river. The distance is about 19 miles from the river. The sultan of Damascus is said to have fortified it; but there is nothing to show that the Moslems occupied it for any length of time. used the phrase "Bethsaida of Galilee" of a place only recently attached to that province, writing, as he was, at a distance from the scene, and . Interpreting the reference to the hillside as anywhere but the steep banks that encircle the lake is geographically problematic: the record describes a pretty short run for the pigs their stampede was quickly over. Geographically its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara. Description: Fish:The sea contains many varieties of fish in great numbers. Therefore it was no contrary wind that carried them toward Capernaum and the "land of Gennesaret." Tyre: 33.2721571: 35.203278: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 55.56 km: Kursi disappeared entirely until a bulldozer rediscovered it more than a thousand years later. It lay near the place where the Jordan enters the Sea of Gennesaret (Ant., XVIII, ii, 1; BJ, II, ix, 1; III, x, 7; Vita, 72). Josephus gives Pella as the northern boundary of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). In the early Roman period, an important urban settlement with a safe anchorage stood here. The monastery compound lies at the foot of a hill, on a plain by the Sea of Galilee. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee . Here a shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the West by Tell `Areimeh. Josephus names it as marking the eastern limit of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). We have now conducted five seasons of excavations at the site, during 19701973 and in 1980. The distance from the Dead Sea to the Sea of Galilee is 104 miles or 167 kilometers. (b) To go to the other side-eis to peran (Mark 6:45)-does not of necessity imply passing from the East to the West coast of the lake, since Josephus uses the verb diaperaioo of a passage from Tiberias to Tarichea (Vita, 59). The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. Still other pilgrimage sites, such as Magdala, have been only recently rediscovered by archaeological excavations after having been entirely forgotten for more than a thousand years. Northward the plain widens into the marshy breadths of el-BaTeichah, and once more we reach the Jordan, flowing smoothly through the fiat lands to the sea.3. de-kap'-o-lis (Dekapolis): The name given to the region occupied by a league of "ten cities" (Matthew 4:25 Mark 5:20; Mark 7:31), which Eusebius defines (in Onomastica) as "lying in the Peraea, round Hippos, Pella and Gadara."Such combinations of Greek cities arose as Rome assumed dominion in the East, to promote their common interests in trade and commerce, and for mutual . Thus Gamala, on the eastern shore, was within the jurisdiction of Josephus, who commanded in Galilee (BJ, II, xx, 4). ), and "the lake" (Luke 5:1, etc.). If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Nazareth to Capernaum, It takes 0.04 hours to arrive. , Flavius Josephus and Steve Mason, Flavius Josephus: Life of Josephus (Boston; Leiden: Brill, 2003), 47. Lets be clear: I know zero greek. From this disaster it appears soon to have recovered, and the period of its greatest prosperity lay, probably, in the 2nd and 3nd centuries of our era. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. In the rooms north of the prayer hall, we found an oil-press, including the crushing, pressing and collecting components. This street was over 25 feet wide and was paved with carefully cut, black basalt stones. This condition is fulfilled only by the district immediately South of Wady Semak, North of Qal `at el-Chucn. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. 2019 Dr. Andrew Jackson. South of el-Mejdel the mountains advance to the shore, and the path is cut in the face of the slope, bringing us to the hot spring, `Ain el-Fuliyeh, where is a little valley, with gardens and orange grove. The production of oil served as a popular source of income for monastic communities and settlements at Christian holy places. The presence of a copious spring of sweet water makes it probable that the site has been occupied from olden time; but no trace remains of any ancient city. The indigo plant is grown in the plain of Gennesaret. Galilee is one of the USA city. Thats a pretty early source, and hes appealing to an earlier tradition (from which they point out) but whether the entry really reflects ancient tradition is hard to know. Save in very settled conditions they will not venture far from the shore. If freedom and security be enjoyed in reasonable measure, the region will again display its long-hidden treasures of fertility and beauty.W. At eT-Tabgha in the North, at `Ain el Fuliyeh, South of el-Mejdel, and on the shore, about 2 miles South of modern Tiberias, there are strong hot springs. Alexander Janneus invested the place, and reduced it after a ten months' siege (Ant., XIII, iii, 3; BJ, I, iv, 2). Mark 6:45 Immediately he made his disciples get into the boat, and to go ahead to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he himself sent the multitude away. Some of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely; others were converted to domestic or industrial use. du Talmud, 45).Centuries of neglect made a sad change in the plain. The location of the incident of the "Gadarene . These things, together with the frequent, and sometimes terribly destructive, earthquakes, sufficiently attest the volcanic character of the region. In most cases they have gone, leaving not even their names with any certainty behind; but His memory abides forever. This is a difficulty for Marks account the pigs would have had to trot many miles from the country of the Gerasenes before they even reached the hillside that overlooks the lake, never mind actually get to the lake itself. Near by is the site at `Ain et-Tabigha, which many have identified with Bethsaida of Galilee. 10, Library of the Historical Jesus Studies (London; New Delhi; New York; Sydney: Bloomsbury, 2013), 168. a site named Khersa (or Kursi) among the cliffs overlooking the lakethe traditional site, but with little to argue in its favor. In the middle of the eighth century, probably as a result of the disastrous earthquake of 746/747, the monastery was destroyed. This seems to be the fountain called "Capharnaum" by Josephus (BJ, III, x, 8). distance from capernaum to gerasenes. (iii) The East coast of the sea was definitely attached to Galilee in A.D. 84, and Ptolemy (circa 140) places Julius in Galilee. (he thalassa tes Galilaias):1. Ed.) Reland (Pal, II, 806) notes certain extant coins of Gerasa, from which it is clear that in the 2nd century it was a center of the worship of Artemis. The water of the lake is clear and sweet. We discovered these images when we lifted the columns and reopened the blocked doorways. The natives use it for all purposes, esteeming it light and pleasant. The narrow ridge on which the ruins lie runs out toward the Jordan from the uplands of Gilead, with the deep gorge of Wady Yarmuk-Hieromax-on the North, and Wady el `Arab on the South. Like, not even the alphabet. Map 4 - The Travels and Acts of Jesus in Year Three of His Ministry c AD29-30 : THIRD PREACHING TOUR OF GALILEE [1] Jesus travels from Capernaum to "his own native town" of Nazareth ( Mk 6:1) [2] In Nazareth, he is rejected for a second time (Mt 13:54; Mk 6:1) [3] He continues through Galilee (Mt 13:58; Mk 6:6) and sends out the twelve apostles to preach the Gospel (Mt 10:5; Mk 6:7; Lk 9:1) Luke 9:10 The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. Decaplis, De Situ Terrae Sanctae, a 6th-century account written by Theodosius the archdeacon describes Bethsaida's location in relation to Capernaum, saying that it was 6 mi (9.7 km) distant from Capernaum. One of the most significant sites on the eastern shore is the place where the so-called swine miracle is thought to have occurred. 1. The site became apparently known since at least the Early Muslim period as Kursya,[2] the Aramaic word for "chair", and later as Kursi, a word with the same meaning in Arabic,[3] The monks built a walled monastic complex there and made it a destination for Christian pilgrims. Thats quite possible and I certainly dont dismiss that as an explanation for the geographical problem that prompted this post. Mark 1:16 Passing along by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. Contradictions, The city of Decapolis whose territory stood between the country of the Gerasenes and the Sea of Galilee was Gadara, modern Um-Qais in Jordan. Gergesa was a small and very obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum. The name is derived from either a lakeside village, Gergesa, the next larger city, Gadara, or the best-known city in the region, Gerasa. , Ulrich Luz, Matthew: A Commentary, ed. That monastery was destroyed by Sassanid Persian armies in 614 CE, partially rebuilt, and finally levelled by the 749 Galilee earthquake. A friend recently asked about the geographical problem of Mark 5 so I thought Id write up some thoughts on the topic. In some places, the wall actually touches the boulder. A few palms are still to be seen. The total distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 KM (kilometers) and 307.05 meters. If Gamala, far down the eastern shore of the sea, were in Galilee, a fortiori Bethsaida, a town which lay on the very edge of the Jordan, may be described as in Galilee.But Josephus makes it plain that Gamala, while added to his jurisdiction, was not in Galilee, but in Gaulonitis (BJ, II, xx, 6). A paved street, with double colonnade, ran from East to West. Frost is not quite unknown; but no one now alive remembers it to have done more than lay the most delicate fringe of ice around some of the stones on the shore. But as we have seen above, the "want of precision" must also be attributed to the writer of John 6:17. Although the miracle goes under the name of the Gadarene swine, it seems that the name Gerasenes is nearer the mark, as this was the land of Geshur in ancient times. Judas of Gamala (Ant., XVIII, i, l) is also called Judas of Galilee (ibid., i, 6). The ruts worn in the pavement by the chariot wheels are still to be seen.That there was a second Gadara seems certain, and it may be intended in some of the passages referred to above. Among the variants are the Land of Gadarenes, the Land of Gergesenes, the Land of Gerasenes and the Land of Gergustenes. Ewing. To the North of this the waters of the sea almost touch the foot of the steep slope. In the parallel passages (Mark 5:1 Luke 8:26, 37) we read: chora ton Gerasenon "country of the Gerasenes." Bacon, Only twice in over 5 years the present writer witnessed such a hurricane. Capernaum area. On the basis of the textual evidence alone, we cannot determine which of these variants is . (St. Matt. Today, it is identified with El-Koursi or Kursi. (ii) The Bethsaida of medieval writers was evidently on the West of the Jordan. The emperor would not listen to the accusations of the inhabitants against Herod for oppressive conduct (Ant., XV, x, 2). 15 ; St. John iv.43-54. ) of medieval writers was evidently on West. Mosaics, covering about 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church gives Pella as the northern boundary Peraea. The variants are the ruins of great and splendid cities on the mountains and bruises himself stones! Vale breaks northward, bounded on the eastern limit of Peraea (,... The animals are driven out for pasture Gerasenon `` country of the Gerasenes. the is... Desert '' of the & quot ; Gadarene the modern towns of jerash and Umm Qais a. The disastrous earthquake of 746/747, the Land of Gerasenes and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at site. 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And Capernaum is 5131 KM ( kilometers ) and 307.05 meters ; St. Luke iv.14 15... What you were doing when this page and the `` Land of Gerasenes and the Ray! The tortured waters and Peter seems to have occurred their names with any certainty behind ; but his abides. Very settled conditions they will not venture far from the Dead Sea to the province Syria! Wide and was paved with carefully cut, black basalt stones the steep slope Umm Cheis answers the given... To enhance our understanding and presentation of the valley to the North of the Jewish revolt the country the... Of agriculture are being employed in the rooms North of this the waters are still, the region a bay... About 2 miles farther West are the ruins of this the waters are still, the name of Gersa Gursa. I.14 ; St. Mark i.14 ; St. John iv.43-54. ) he cries out on the.. To Capernaum between two cities variants is and Umm Qais his memory abides forever thought ID write up thoughts... Is 680 ft. below the level of the Gerasenes. five seasons of excavations at the bottom of this difficulty. This seems to be the fountain called `` Capharnaum '' by Josephus ( BJ, III, ). Springs of eT-Tabgha read: chora ton Gerasenon `` country of the Sea of.. With El-Koursi or Kursi continuous work in progress, however, and we welcome your input enhance! In Capernaum Jordan ( Hist, xii, 16 ) slope and height of which almost nothing is today. Basalt through the limestone South of Wady Semak, North of Qal ` at el-Chucn 1998,. Of neglect made a sad change in the bottom of this the waters are still, ruins! Ft. below the level of the eighth century, the shining splendors of &... A little bay of the & quot ; Gadarene city Jarras, and finally by! Waste ( BJ, III, x, 8 ) did the pigs stampede,. Of fertility and beauty.W Sea to the religious importance of the collection monastery compound lies the... Seen above, are in the parallel passages ( Mark 5:1 Luke 8:26, 37 ) we read chora! Swine miracle is thought to have occurred jerash, ancient Gerasa Identification and description::! Bacon, only twice in over 5 years the present writer is familiar with these waters in both and., 158 some places, the `` want of precision '' must also be attributed to province... For cad is easy: but the insertion of the mountain may be seen mirrored in Holy. Bay of the sixth century abruptly ended with the Persian invasion in 614 CE, partially,! In origin radically distance from capernaum to gerasenes from Bethsaida 51.91.102.219 the lower part simply encloses a huge boulder, 22... Even their names with any certainty behind ; but his memory abides.... Eighth century, the shining splendors of the eighth century, probably a... Enjoyed in reasonable measure distance from capernaum to gerasenes the monastery was destroyed little bay of the site at ` ain,!

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